Comparative Study of Leading AI Models: Performance, Capabilities, Accuracy, and Applications

Author: Chintan Hirpara,Khushi Kundariya,Mahipal Chothani,Deep Solanki,Jigar Gajjar
Published Online: July 1, 2026
DOI: http://doi.org/10.63766/spujstmr.26.000091
Abstract
References

Large language models (LLMs) have progressed from mere academic prototypes to mainstream solutions in education, healthcare, software engineering, and customer service industries. In this paper, we conduct a comparative review of the architecture, reasoning capability, code generation, creative writing capabilities, ethics, and adoption level of five of the most popular conversational artificial intelligence platforms: ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Gemini, Claude, and Grok. Instead of performing our own benchmarking experiments, we synthesize results from the literature reviewed in Section II and scores reported by the AI companies in question on a number of commonly used benchmarking platforms including MMLU, GPQA Diamond, SWE-bench Verified, HumanEval, and GSM8K, supplemented by usage metrics from independent sources. Our comparative analysis shows that none of the examined models outperforms the rest in all respects; in particular, Gemini and DeepSeek score the highest on general knowledge tests, Claude demonstrates the best performance on code-generation and reasoning about long documents, Grok stands out in difficult agentic reasoning tests and real-time information lookup tasks, and ChatGPT remains the most used one. We conclude the paper by outlining the limitations of literature-based comparative analysis and suggesting topics for future research.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence language models, ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Gemini AI, Claude AI, Grok AI, performance comparison, accuracy evaluation, real-world applications, AI capabilities.
Download PDF Pages ( 246-255 ) Download Full Article (PDF)
←Previous Next →